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Images-New York Architects Henry Hobson Richardson |
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1838–86, American architect,
b. St. James parish, La., grad. Harvard, 1859, studied at the Ecole des
Beaux-Arts; great-grandson of Joseph Priestley. He was a major
representative of romanticism in American architecture and was noted for
his revival of Romanesque design. After employment in Paris, he began
practice (1866) in New York City but moved to Brookline, Mass., in 1874.
Trinity Church in Boston (1872–77) was his first monumental work; its
French Romanesque design was a departure from the Gothic revival that
controlled contemporaneous American architecture. In it and in subsequent
works Richardson developed a free and strongly personal interpretation of
Romanesque design. The style, known as Richardson Romanesque, spread and
won many followers, exerting a great influence upon the building arts of
the period, especially in the young, growing cities of Chicago, Cleveland,
Cincinnati, and St. Louis. Richardson's buildings showed strength,
simplicity, and a skillful employment of varied materials. In his country
houses of wood he produced a distinct American type. He elevated the
position of the minor crafts in his work, and to artists such as Augustus
Saint-Gaudens and John La Farge he entrusted the important units of
decoration. Among Richardson's principal works are the New Brattle Square
Church, Boston; public library, Woburn, Mass.; courthouse and jail,
Pittsburgh; Sever Hall and Austin Hall, Harvard; parts of the state
capitol at Albany, in association with Eidlety and Olmsted; Glessner
House, Illinois Institute of Technology; and the Marshall Field wholesale
store, Chicago.
See H. R. Hitchcock, The Architecture of H. H. Richardson and His Times (1936, rev. ed. 1961); J. K. Ochsner, H. H. Richardson: Complete Architectural Works (1982); J. F. O'Gorman, H. H. Richardson (1987) and Living Architecture (1997). |